Tam sim no transformers feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv substations yuav raug cais raws li lawv txoj kev ua hauj lwm, qauv, daim ntawv thov thiab installation txoj kev. Cov hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov hom transformer hauv substations, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv, daim ntawv thov scenarios thiab kev lag luam tiam sis ntawm transformer hauv substations:
I. Kev faib tawm los ntawm Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm
Electromagnetic Current Transformer (Traditional CT)
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Raws li txoj cai electromagnetic induction, ib qho tam sim no tsim cov hlau nplaum los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau thiab ob lub winding induces tam sim no. Nta:
Advanced technology, tus nqi qis thiab kev ntseeg siab.
core saturation nrog ib tug txwv dynamic ntau yam (feem ntau Tsawg tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 30-fold rated tam sim no).
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Haum rau kev ntsuas, tiv thaiv thiab ntsuas substations nrog voltage theem ntawm 110kV thiab hauv qab no.
Piv txwv li: 10kV distributor core CT, lub ntsiab transformer siab voltage sab CT.
Electronic Tam sim no Transformer (ECT)
Nws ua haujlwm li cas: Direct digital output siv optical sensors, xws li Faraday effect, lossis Rogowski Coil. Nta:
Core - dawb saturation, dav dynamic ntau yam (txog 100 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no).
Me me, lub teeb yuag, muaj zog tiv thaiv - muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam hluav taws xob.
Ntev -lub sij hawm ruaj khov thiab kub drift yuav tsum tau hais txog.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Kev txawj ntse substations, tshiab zog integration scenarios (xws li cua zog, photovoltaic).
Piv txwv li: Optical CT hauv 220kV GIS, Hall effect CT hauv HVDC.
II. Los ntawm Cov Qauv
Trans (Trans) CT
Structure: thawj tus neeg xyuas pib ncaj qha los ntawm lub qhov rais hlau, qhov thib ob winding nyob ib ncig ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau winding. Nta:
Yooj yim installation, tsis muaj ib qho kev cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau.
Haum rau qhov siab tam sim no (xws li tsheb npav, cable).
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 10kV / 35kV cov khoom xa tawm thiab qhov hluav taws xob kawg ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj capacitor.
Tubular CT
Structure: ntsia ncaj qha rau ntawm lub bushing ntawm transformer los yog Circuit Court breaker, lub ntsiab winding yog bushing conductor. Nta:
Compact thiab chaw -txuag.
Cov qauv tsim yuav tsum tau ua kom haum rau cov cuab yeej siv thiab muaj cov khoom siv tsis zoo.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Main transformer siab voltage sab, ua -hauv GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear).
Bus CT
Structure: Cov tub ntxhais yog muab faib ua ib nrab thiab sandwiched ntawm lub busbar, los ntawm cov thawj tam sim no generates magnetic flux. Nta:
Tsis tas yuav disconnect lub busbar kom yooj yim installation.
Haum rau retrofitting busses twb tau siv lawm.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Kev ntsuas cov tsheb npav tam sim no tom qab nthuav dav ntawm substation muaj peev xwm.
Kum CT
Structure: Cov tub ntxhais thiab winding yog tsau rau ntawm lub insulating kem, thiab lub ntsiab conductor hla mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov tub ntxhais. Nta:
Lub zog txhua yam muaj zog, haum rau sab nraum zoov siab -xwm txheej.
Me me, tus nqi siab.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Txoj kev tiv thaiv 220kV / 500kV sab nraum zoov substations.
III. Los ntawm Lub Hom Phiaj
Kev ntsuas CT
Yuav tsum muaj siab precision (piv txwv li, 0.2, 0.5) thiab qhov yuam kev tsawg rau kev ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab kev saib xyuas kev thauj khoom.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb metering, cog kev siv hluav taws xob metering.
Kev tiv thaiv CT
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj: Highsaturation kuj nrog qhov raug theem ntawm 5P thiab 10P (xws li . 5P20 sawv cev qhov yuam kev Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 5% ntawm 20 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no) rau kev tiv thaiv overcurrent thiab kev tiv thaiv sib txawv.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Kev tiv thaiv kab, kev tiv thaiv transformer, kev tiv thaiv busbar.
Piv txwv li: 220kV Circuit Court breaker tso zis CT.
Kev Ntsuas + Kev Tiv Thaiv Dual -lub hom phiaj CT
Structure: Muaj ntau qhov kev sib tw thib ob, ua tau raws li kev ntsuas thiab kev tiv thaiv. Nta:
Txo cov CTs thiab txo cov nqi.
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov windings yuav tsum muaj tseeb.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Incoming txee ntawm nruab nrab thiab tsawg voltage substations.
IV. INTRODUCTION Los ntawm Txoj Kev Txhim Kho
CT standalone installation
Qauv: Nruab ib sab ntawm cov khoom siv (xws li Circuit Court breakers, tsheb npav).
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Sab nraum zoov Substation Circuits CTs, Main Transformer Neutral Point CTs.
Integrated CT
Qauv: Kev koom ua ke nrog lwm yam khoom siv (xws li GIS, Circuit Court breakers). Nta:
Txuag qhov chaw thiab txo cov ntsiab lus txuas.
Rau kev tu, cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Sab hauv CTs rau 110kV thiab siab dua GIS, thiab CTs kev koom ua ke hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntse.
V. Kev Lag Luam Trends and impacts
Kev hloov kho digital
Hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm ntse, CTs yuav tsum tau txhawb nqa IEC 61850 raws tu qauv thiab tso tawm cov cim digital (xws li kev sib koom ua ke MU) rau qhov tiag - lub sijhawm xa cov ntaub ntawv thiab synchronization.
Piv txwv li, Electronic CTs ua ke nrog cov khoom siv ntse ntse (IEDs) los hloov cov khoom lag luam analog quantity.
Kev ntsuas dav dav
Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab ua rau muaj kev sib haum xeeb, thiab CTs yuav tsum muaj peev xwm teb tau dav dav (piv txwv li, 0.1Hz - 1kHz) kom raug ntsuas qhov tsis yog - tam sim no tseem ceeb.
Kev daws: Siv Rogowski coils lossis optical sensor kom tsis txhob muaj cov lus teb ntau zaus.
Anti-saturation technology
Qhov nce hauv luv luv -circuit tam sim no xav tau CTs los ua haujlwm tiv thaiv- cov txheej txheem saturation (xws li chav kawm TPY, TPZ chav kawm) kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo.
TPY cov yam ntxwv hauv chav kawm: qhov seem hlau nplaum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 10%, haum rau kev tiv thaiv sib txawv.
Miniaturization thiab kev koom ua ke
Lub nroog substations yog xav tau qhov chaw, thiab CTS tab tom mus rau qhov chaw me me thiab siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
Piv txwv li, alloy cores yog siv los txo qhov ntim thiab qhov hnyav.
